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<title><![CDATA[幻像工业(转:同济建筑博文)]]></title>
<link>http://zoomlink.org.cn/column/59/archives/2007/20071119154129.html</link>
<author>同济建筑圈</author>
<pubDate>2007-11-19 15:41:00</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[何工最近在干一件事，就是住进一座幻象工厂。在这个工厂中，何工一边阅读collage city一边曲解它，<BR>将拼贴的误读应用到某个小村的超级工作室+迪斯尼世界中。<BR>具体做法就是大家都熟悉的规划选型，<BR>将各个符合意向的作品拼到总图里（迪斯尼啊，乐园啊）。<BR>然后把他们阵列，削除差异，无差别化，无统治化。<BR>于是，“盛世之后”的两大对策就搞笑般的融合了，<BR>应证了罗的英明神武<BR>——彼此鄙视但无可奈何的综合。<BR>这种行为多么恐怖啊，何工十分恐慌，<BR>其他两位黄工应该也很恐慌吧。15号的凌晨两点，<BR>何工起着破旧的凤凰飞翔在空无一车的大马路上，<BR>飞扬着尘土与落叶，<BR>偶尔有过街老鼠也可以肆无忌惮了。<BR>很久不曾体验过这么完飙车，还是飙这么破的车。<BR>&nbsp;<BR>何工很开心。<BR>&nbsp;<BR>他幻想着随着他身影在小巷中一闪而过，<BR>两侧的建筑就如同幻象工厂里的Ctrl+V一样，<BR>噼里啪啦的起立了。<BR>真快啊，<BR>真快啊。<BR>何工想越骑越快，<BR>因为他骑的越快，<BR>城市越光辉，<BR>迪斯尼越梦幻。<BR>幻想工厂里的工人都有一个小操作台，<BR>上面有100多个按钮，<BR>工人们不停的摁按钮，<BR>然后，在外面的世界，<BR>房子就越来越多，<BR>越长越高。<BR>然后厂长就会有很多钱，<BR>何工会有更多的钱，<BR>当然，赚最多钱的人是出钱让何工让工人按按钮的人，<BR>我们都叫他X总。<BR>工人按越多的按钮，<BR>何工让工人按越多的按钮，<BR>X总越开心，<BR>反正他付的钱就那么多。何工写到这里的时候开始抓狂了。<BR>因为SSC说，<BR>&nbsp;<BR>有幻像就有幻灭，<BR>拍片儿定格的是一瞬间的幻像，<BR>它是真实的么？<BR>屁啊，<BR>他怎么能是真实的呢？<BR>究竟是幻像拥有我们还是我们拥有幻像呢？<BR>屁啊，要死啦。<BR>&nbsp;<BR>小心车子啊。<BR>听的何工一身冷汗，<BR>一阵胃痛。<BR>我们这些住在幻像工厂里的人连拍片儿的都不是嘞，<BR>人家是外科医生，<BR>挥着手术刀子搞阉割的。<BR>而我们呢，<BR>我们是巫医，<BR>挥着鼠标搞阉究的。<BR>&nbsp;<BR>我们是幻像的制造者，<BR>甚至是连一点都不靠谱的阉究者和被阉究者。<BR>&nbsp;<BR>工厂是被我们盯着搞的大黑窝。<BR>哎，嫖客啊，哎<BR>妓女啊。<BR>何工心目中那些光辉的大楼啊，<BR>噼里啪啦的变成了纸<BR>——还是相纸高光压模裱板的。<BR>在风中那个摇，<BR>那个摇。<BR>&nbsp;<BR>而工厂的大门里，<BR>&nbsp;<BR>一座座大楼依然在冉冉升起。<IMG alt="" src="http://c.services.spaces.live.com/CollectionWebService/c.gif?cid=5336237138066549981&amp;page=RSS%3a+%e5%b9%bb%e5%83%8f%e5%b7%a5%e4%b8%9a&amp;referrer="http://zoomlink.org.cn/ border=0 width_deleted="1px" height_deleted="1px"><IMG alt="" src="http://c.live.com/c.gif?NC=31263&amp;NA=1149&amp;PI=73329&amp;RF=&amp;DI=3919&amp;PS=85545&amp;TP=elgar0127.spaces.live.com&amp;GT1=elgar0127" width_deleted="http://zoomlink.org.cn/0px" height_deleted="0px" style_deleted="position:absolute">]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[00F-05区域规划——小城镇发展（汇刊）]]></title>
<link>http://zoomlink.org.cn/column/22/archives/2007/200711222723.html</link>
<author>考研留学</author>
<pubDate>2007-11-2 2:27:00</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">l<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小城镇发展</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">小城镇的相关概念<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">小城镇：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">一种正在从乡村性的社会变成多种产业并存的向着现代化城市转变中的过渡性社区。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">城市：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">国家按行政建制设立的直辖市、市、镇、市区和镇区。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">乡村：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">市区和镇区以外的地区一般称作乡村。设立乡和村的监制，分为集镇、村庄。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">城乡结合部</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">：位于城市与乡村之间，市城市地狱的组成部位，由城市建成区向外延伸，最终过渡到农业用地，兼具城市与乡村的特点，既是城乡功能的过渡区，也是城乡功能的混杂区。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">城乡一体化：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">从系统观点来看，城市和乡村是一个整体。其间人流、物流、信息流自由合理地流动。城乡经济、社会、文化相互渗透，相互融合，高度依赖，城乡差别很小，各种时空资源利用率高。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">我国发展小城镇的基本模式<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; mso-para-margin-left: 1.0gd; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">农业发展型、商贸发展型、工业发展型、外贸推动型、外资推动型、移民发展型、强村扩展型、科技带动型<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; mso-para-margin-left: 1.0gd; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">3、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">我国发展小城镇的优势（为什么要发展小城镇）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">①扩大内需；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">②节省城市建设的社会成本；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">③吸收、消化农村剩余劳动力，实现人口向城镇转移的“蓄水池”；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">④打破城乡二元结构，加强城乡联系，促进城乡一体化；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑤为城镇工业集中联片发展提供载体和依托；促进农村产业提高，加快农业产业化进程；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑥依靠自下而上的自发动力，发展上一级城市成本小，是自下而上型城市化的重要贡献者；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑦小城镇是农村财富的集聚中心，是城市化的增长点，传承了城乡生产要素流动与组合；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑧缓解城乡二元结构（户籍、就业、购销制度）的隔离，形成第三元的过渡性环节（接<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑨是农村经济的突破口，乡村精神文明建设的前沿阵地。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">4、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">小城镇发展历程<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">①<SPAN lang=EN-US>1979-1986 </SPAN>小城镇和村庄的初步规划<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">②<SPAN lang=EN-US>1987-1994 </SPAN>小城镇和村庄规划的调整完善工作<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">③<SPAN lang=EN-US>1995</SPAN>年后 城乡规划融合成为大趋势<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">5、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">小城镇发展的弊端及出现问题<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 31.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 31.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">（1)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">发展小城镇的战略反思<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">①小城镇不等于城市化，甚至不是城市化主流，发展小城镇应是国家城市化战略的一部分而非全部；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">②小城镇发展是城市经济要素不能一体化和资本短缺条件下的被迫选择，不是最佳选择；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">③积极发展小城镇并非其效率高，而是因其对国家积累模式冲击最小，确保最大限度实现国家积累；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">④最优城市等级是一定分工水平下市场竞争的结果，而不能完全依靠制度干预进行人工选择；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑤乡村工业化发展的市场机遇不再，乡镇工业大发展的创业环境不再，农村宽松的财政金融环境不再，资本西移困难，民间投资难以启动，分散布局不可持续；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑥农村既不丧失土地，又有生财之道的既得利益团体形成，大大弱化了农村向城镇彻底转移的动力。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">〓改城镇化重点战略为全方位城镇化战略，重点应是大力开通城乡加速发展大中城市。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 31.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 31.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">（2)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">小城镇发展中遇到的问题<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">①没有完善得城镇体系得规划指导，区域发展规划乏力，小城镇布点分散，建设用地占用多，缺乏通盘考虑；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">②小城镇总体发展规划的约束力不强，建设用地需求旺盛，没有按规划执行建设；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">③小城镇发展总体规划与土地利用总体规划的主从关系不明，小城镇总体规划突破土地利用规划的控制；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">④土地利用比较受利益驱动，方向多变，建设用地扩张难以抑制，工业布局分散，内部用地控制不够，建设用地利用率不高，土地资源浪费；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑤城镇规划偏小，无法诱发消费环境，提高城镇化水平；第三产业的发展不良制约第二产业市场规模；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑥工业布局分散使公共基础设施建设无法集中统一，制约城市化进程；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑦“小而全”的镇区有城市外观，而缺乏城市生活的内在魅力和气氛，形成过渡城市化；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑧由于城镇体系结构模糊连续，等级不清，规模连续，造成小城镇职能雷同，分工不明，重复建设及建设空白形成；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑨无积极性实现农业现代化，出现耕地抛荒；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑩过分重视行政建制的改革，即撤乡设镇，导致建制镇作为城镇居民点的质量总体上不断下降；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">11</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">由于行政区划与行政管理的分割使关系密切的小城镇地域分割，城乡分割，部分分割。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 31.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 31.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">（3)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">乡镇企业的发展问题（缺陷）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">分散经营效益低、规模小污染大、技术落后能耗高、滥占耕地环境差。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">6、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">我国小城镇发展的对策<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">①充分认识城市体系发生、发展的内在规律和机制，进行城镇体系规划，协调城镇体系中各城镇的功能和作用，规模与布局，等级划分。达到资源合理配置，整体协调，促进城乡一体化发展；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">②调整行政区划，扩大城镇规模，实行村镇合并，推动中心镇的发展。对于有基础，有规模的城镇赋予优先发展的政策。从而推动城镇集中和城乡一体化。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">③统一规划、分片建设，从区域合作的宏观角度统一建设公共设施和基础设施项目；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">④提高规划水平，抓紧小城镇规划的编制、修订和审批工作，切实纠正规划滞后的被动局面；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑤加大改革力度，清除小城镇发展在体制上的制约（户籍制度、社会保障制度、集体经济产权制度、多种形式的建房购房制度、财政制度、购销制度等）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑥用农业产业化补充或部分代替乡镇企业，使三大产业相互促进，共同发展；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑦加快企业转制，从内在机制上为工业集中创造动力。加快现代化企业运作，使生产服务设施规模化、集约化、高效化、现代化；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑧协调小城镇发展和强化建设用地的对策。协调区域规划，土地利用总体归和小城镇总体规划三者的关系，转变小城镇土地利用方式为集约、高效的城市型土地利用方式，改革效城镇土地需求；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑨合理布局、弹性对策、完善规划建设；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">⑩注意历史文化名镇、名村保护，保护环境、生态、突出特色、继续文脉、形成多元内涵、多样形态的城镇。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">7、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">城市的郊区开发特点、问题和合理利用模式<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">郊区：与城市经济、社会发展之间密切相关，相互依赖的尚未完全城市化的周边地区。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">城市边缘区：城市建成区的外围地带，或由城市郊区过渡的地带。表现为明显的城乡结合部和城乡经济混合增长的特征。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">8、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">城市病<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">主要问题：①城市功能混杂，用地布局凌乱；②人口超高密度集聚；③住房基础设施严重不足；④交通拥塞，通讯落后；⑤城市环境质量恶化，社会缺乏整体协调发展。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">诱发问题：①外来流动人口膨胀导致大城市规模扩张，引发城市犯罪率上升；<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">②城市失业率提高迅速；③城市交通压力大，与城市规模关系不明确；④城市间和城市内部由于协调问题造成巨大浪费——重复建设、盲目竞争；⑤由于政策、制度产生的好大喜功的形象问题与超需求开发建设；⑥郊区小城镇及农村小城镇的环境污染已明显大于大城市中心（城市污染问题的扩张）；⑦缺乏适应市场机制的政府财务监督和责任机制。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">9、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“城中村”现象、特点及问题<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">城中村：指改革开放以来，在一些经济发达地区或城市，由于急风暴雨式的城市建设和快速发展导致城市用地的急剧膨胀，把以前围绕城市周边的部分村落及其耕地的性质由劳动群众集体所有制转化为全民所有制，而在征地过程中还给乡村的用地和以前的村民住宅用地，自留山丘等则维持以前的集体所有性质不变，在这些用地上以居住功能为主所形成的社区则称为“城中村”。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">特征：<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">①空间形态和内部功能与周围环境的剧烈反差</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">：首先，这些快速城市化地区村落用地范围内用地功能紊乱，建筑密度容积率高，居住条件恶劣，缺乏统一连续的街景立面和天际轮廓线；其次，这些地区城市基础设施和公共设施建设严重缺乏；另外，在城市不断发展和建设的过程中，上述地区与周边单位在用地、基础设施及公共设施建设上往往不能有效地进行协调和合作。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">②村镇用地、人口的性质和规模难以界定</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">：首先，用地的功能混杂难以区分，以居住功能为主的用地很难在四个中类的居住用地划分中找到自己的位置，用地性质介于村镇建设用地（非建设用地<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>和城市建设用地之间，其次，传统的城乡二元结构所带来的农业人口和非农业人口之间的巨大反差在这里荡然无存，城市总体规划中计算城市人口时又难以统计；另外，这些地区大量流动人口也使得村落里人口构成复杂，相应带来诸多社会问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">③行政体制和管理机制上的混淆和疏漏：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">相对于城市，这些村落由于历史的原因形成了一套相对独立的行政运作体制和地区管理机制，由于受既得利益者的影响，这几年的建设存在明显的短期行为，缺乏长远的规划。村民和村领导的法制意识淡漠，乱占地、建设无序的现象突出，封闭狭隘的小农经济意识痕迹明显。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">焦点：<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">①“城市里的乡村”更新和<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">土地所有权</B>的矛盾（土地的问题）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">②“城市里的乡村”更新和<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">土地开发商</B>之间的矛盾<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">③“城市里的乡村”更新与<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">政府职能及规划师</B>的关系<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">10、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">我国小城镇发展的特性</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">小城镇的发展也具有渐进性和动态性：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">①乡城人口迁移的序列表明．从农村到城市所发生的人口迁移过程具有时间上相互继起、空间上逐级递补的特点．即大城市从中等城市中吸收入口，中等城市所留下的空缺又由小城市的人口去填补，小城市所空下的位置又由小城镇的人口去填补，这些小城镇的空缺又由周围农村人口去填补。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">②市场经济在广度和深度上的推进将会突破传统的行政区域界限，自发地促使技术、资金、劳力、信息等生产要素向更有利的地域流动，而其流动、集聚的方向并非总是小城镇。当土地价格、劳力成本、环境保护代价等成为企业发展的决定因素时，生产要素便会向小城镇集聚；当技术创新、资金、人才、信息等成为企业发展的决定因素时，生产要素就会向大中城市集聚。一些发展规模大、经济实力强的乡镇企业已不满足于小城镇所能提供的生产生活环境，而将其总部迁人大中城市，寻求更广阔的发展空间．即是很好的证明。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">②随着市场竞争的加剧，小城镇的廉价劳动力优势将转化为人才流失的劣势，地价便宜的优势将因严格保护耕地和实施土地用途管制而受到制约：原有的政策优势将由于大中城市的机制优势和科技优势的替代而被削弱；小城镇居民中高档消费品的购买力普遍外流与大中城市商业连锁化、集团化经营的发展，使得部分小城镇作为区域姓商品流通和生产服务中心的职能正在萎缩。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">11、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">我国现今农村城镇化的主旋律：小城镇升级（以前的笔记，不知出处）</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">追求小城镇的数量扩张。事实上，在今后一段时间内，农村城镇化的核心不在于设立新的市镇，而在于优化市镇的结构、提高市镇的功能、增强市镇的聚集效应。与其说我国存在“城市短缺“现象，还不如说我国存在“小城镇规模短缺及承载能力短缺”现象。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">近期小城镇建设耍选择基础设施和公共设施条件好，交通便利，镇区建设和人口有一定规模，乡镇工业相对集中，个体私营经济和专业市场比较发达的中心镇，集中资金进行重点开发，培育区域增长中心和增长点。当据点式开发达到一定程度后，再逐步向组团式开发、轴线开发乃至区域开发拓展延伸、推动小城镇升级．进而推进城镇体系升级。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 28.5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">12、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">农村城镇化的政策导向：适度降低农民进镇的门槛条件而非降低设镇的标准（以前的笔记，不知出处）</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">适当降低城镇住房价格</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">通过缩短土地有偿出让年限来降低房价</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">适当降低进镇农民的迁移成本</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">对进镇农民原有承包地和原有宅基地要妥善处理，通过有偿转让实现土地使用权流转或给与相应的经济补偿。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">4 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">乡镇企业是否愿意从村里向小城镇集中，主要取决于搬迁成本、配套的基础设施及政策的优惠程度。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> </SPAN>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[00F-04区域规划——课件知识点04]]></title>
<link>http://zoomlink.org.cn/column/22/archives/2007/200711222449.html</link>
<author>考研留学</author>
<pubDate>2007-11-2 2:24:00</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">l<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划（<SPAN style="COLOR: red">重点，一定要结合城市规划新编制办法看，很多地方有所改变</SPAN>）</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系的概念、含义</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 31.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -31.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: -3.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">概念：城镇体系指在一个相对完整的区域或国家中，由不同职能分工、不同等级规模、空间分布有序的联系密切、相互依存的城镇群体。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">含义：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系是一个区域范畴（城市经济区</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">——</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城市行政区）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">具有一定的等级和层次（中心地理论）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">3)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">具有不同的职能分工和多种城镇类型</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">4)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">空间分布有序，形成一定的网络和格局</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">空间地域结构的影响因素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">—</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">区域生产力分布状况，受资源、自然条件、地理位置等影响</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇的相互作用、职能分工及各自的腹地范围</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">5)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在时间上的动态变化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">历史变化引起的体系格局变化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">生产力布局状态的变化导致的格局变化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">基础设施条件引起的变化，尤其是交通条件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划目标</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系的规划目标与城镇体系所在区域的发展总目标有密切的关系，区域综合发展的一般总目标是借助于投资形式及其位置分配，充分利用现有资源达到最大限度地改善人们的生活福利。城镇体系是区域的一个组成部分，城镇体系规划应从区域发展目标出发，建构一个产生最大综合效益的城镇体系结构（含空间结构、规模结构、职能结构、网络结构），为实现区域发展总目标服务。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 5.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: .5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系的发展条件分析</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系的区域发展条件</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 5.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: .5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系的区域发展条件是城镇体系赖以发展的基础，是城镇体系形成及发展的初始条件。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">目的：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">明确城镇体系在区域中的发展水平，明了其所处的地位与作用；</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">明确城镇体系今后发展的有利条件与不利因素，扬长避短，有的放矢。</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">方法：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 162.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -162.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: -15.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">区域综合发展水平分析</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">——</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">采用定性和定量相结合、单因子和复合因子相结合的方法，利用横向纵向比较手段，通过城镇体系的经济、科技、社会发展水平来反映城镇体系区域综合发展水平。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 162.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -162.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: -15.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">区域发展优劣势分析</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">——</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">采取定性分析，找出城镇体系发展的有利与不利因素，以期发挥优势，转化劣势，使城镇体系的规划有的放矢。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 162.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -162.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: -15.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇发展的建设条件分析（考过）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(a)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇自然条件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主要指影响城镇发展的气象、地形与用地条件、水文及工程地质条件等</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(b)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇资源开发与工业布局条件；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(c)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇交通运输与区位条件；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(d)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇水源和能源条件；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(e)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇旅游发展条件；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(f)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇社会经济基础条件；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(g)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇地区农业发展条件；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(h)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇基础设施与投资环境条件；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(i)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇科技实力；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(j)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇生态环境条件。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划理论的演进</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>· </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">区域与城市的空间相互作用理论；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>· </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">空间扩散理论；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>· </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中心地理论；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>· </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">增长极理论；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>· </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点轴发展理论；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>· </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">核心</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">—</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">边缘理论等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">5.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划的发展</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划的产生</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">·<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城市的发展不能就城市论城市，应从较大区域范围来分析该城市在发展中所处的地位和作用，及其与周围城镇的关系，城市的发展和空间布局需要与区域开发建设的总体布局相互协调。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">·<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现行城市规划编制体系中没有专门的区域规划，城镇体系规划起到区域规划的部分作用。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">·<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>1984</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年《城市规划条例》：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">直辖市和市的总体规划应当把行政区域作为统一的整体，合理布置城镇体系。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">·<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>1989</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年《城市规划法》：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">全国和各省、直辖市都要编制城镇体系规划，用以指导城市规划的编制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设市城市和县城的总体规划应有包括市和县的行政区域的城镇体系规划。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">·<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>1994</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年建设部颁布《城镇体系规划编制审批办法》。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划编制的现状（考过）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不同地域层次城镇体系规划的编制和实施。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般配合城市总体规划编制的市域、县域城镇体系规划，都只作为城市总体规划的陪衬，多数只是简单、生硬地套用有关城镇体系职能结构、规模结构、空间结构和区域基础设施网络的规划模式，发挥不了应有的指导作用。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">单独进行的城镇体系规划内容在逐步拓宽，除了城镇体系发展与基础设施建设布局规划协调外，还增加了与资源和生态环境协调的内容，并力求明确区分需要对开发建设进行鼓励、引导、控制、限制或禁止的不同地域空间类型，使原功能较简单的城镇体系搞活转向以城镇体系发展为主体，与相关要素进行空间综合协调的区域可持续发展的空间规划，在较大程度上顶替了衰变前的国土区域规划。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">3)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划的发展阶段</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">a</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．城镇体系规划理论与实践的<B>探索</B>阶段（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代初至</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代中期）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">重点：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">配合国家和地方的重点建设项目，将城镇的发展与当地经济发展结合起来，从分析工业和交通布局、区域城市化及城市体系及其空间联系等方面入手，探讨区域城镇体系的形成和发展机制、发展前景，编制市域、县域城镇体系规划。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">带有较典型的计划经济特色，规划比较注重指令性指标和数据，理论的发展也主要在城镇体系的职能结构和等级规模结构等方面。</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">b</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．城镇体系理论的完善与系统化阶段（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代中后期至</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代中期）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">背景：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对外开放力度加大，经济发展速度加快，商品经济日益繁荣，市场机制已有较大的发育。城镇体系的发展也面临着更加复杂的外部国际经济政治环境和内部区际经济环境，市场机制对地区资源配置的影响越来越明显。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">因而，城镇体系规划比较重视资源的区域流动与配置对城镇体系发展的影响，以及城镇体系发展的社会效益、经济效益和环境生态效益的综合平衡。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划的理论体系日益完善，形成以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">等级规模结构、职能类型结构、地域组合结构及空间网络系统</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为核心的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三结构一网络</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的城镇体系规划理论体系。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代以来，城镇体系规划更加注重区域与城镇群体的空间协调发展和可持续发展研究。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">c</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．城镇体系规划理论与模式的突破创新阶段（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代中期至今）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经济全球化的背景</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">6.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划的主要内容</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《中华人民共和国城市规划法》《城镇体系规划编制审批办法》</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">综合评价区域与城市的发展和建设条件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">历史背景：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分析该区域各个历史时期城镇的分布格局和演变规律，揭示区域城镇发展的历史阶段及导致每个阶段城镇兴衰的主要因素，特别要重视历史上区城中心城市的转移和变迁。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">区域基础：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分析区域经济和城镇发展的有利条件和限制因素。它涉及到自然资源和自然条件，环境生态结构，劳动力，经济技术基础，区域交通条件，地理位置等广阔的领域。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经济基础：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">深入分析各产业部门的现状特点和存在问题，通过对进一步发展的条件分析、方案比较，指出各城镇主要部门发展的方向。通常需要回答的问题有：区域的工业发展方向、工业结构的调整及时序安排、主要城镇的工业布局和工业结构、区域的农业发展方向、农业结构的转变以及对城镇发展的影响、综合运输网的改善与城镇发展的关系、旅游资源的开发和城镇发展的关系，以及城镇其它第三产业的发展。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">预测区域人口增长，确定城市化目标</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主要考虑规划区域内建制镇及以上等级的居民点的合理发展，适当考虑与集镇的关系。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">关键点：城镇人口的实际含义和收集每个城镇最接近实际的城镇人口资料。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">3)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">确定本区域的城市发展战略，划分城市经济区</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">核心：依据公平和效益相结合的原则，处理好区域内城镇和地区发展的均衡与不均衡的关系。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">4)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提出城镇体系的职能结构和城镇分工</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">建立在现状城镇职能分析的基础上，通过收集区域内各个城镇经济结构的统计资料和定量和定性相结合的分析，明确各城镇之间职能的相似性和差异性，实现城镇的职能分类。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对城镇现状职能加以分析，制订出有分工、有合作，符合比较优势原则，充分发挥各自区位优势的专业化与综合发展有机结合的新的职能结构。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对重点城镇还应该具体确定它们的规划性质，使重点城镇的总体规划编制有所依循。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">5)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">确定城镇体系的等级和规模结构规划</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分析各城镇人口规模的变动趋势和相对地位的变化，预测今后的动态；分析现状城镇规模分布的特点；确定规划期内可能出现的新城镇，包括某些农村集镇的晋升和因基本建设而可能新建的城镇；结合城镇的人口现状、发展条件评价和职能的变化，对新老城镇作出规模预测，制订城镇体系的等级规模规划，形成新的、合理的城镇等级规模结构。</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">6)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">确定城镇体系的空间布局</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>——</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">职能类型结构和规模等级结构在区域内的空间组合和表现形式。</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主要内容：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">a. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分析区域城镇现状空间网络的主要特点和城市分布的控制性因素；</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">b. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">综合评价区域城镇的发展条件；</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">c. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设计区域不同等级的城镇发展轴线</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或称发展走廊</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">；</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -15.75pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.5; mso-para-margin-left: 3.5gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">d. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">综合各城镇在职能和规模的网络结构中的分工和地位，对它们今后的发展对策实行归类，为未来生产力布局提供参考；</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 47.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 3.5gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">e. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">根据城镇间和城乡间交互作用的特点，划分区域内的城市经济区，为充分发挥城市的中心作用，促进城乡经济的结合，带动全区经济的发展提供地域组织的框架。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 47.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 3.5gd"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">7)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">统筹安排区域基础设施和社会设施</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">区域基础设施包括区域交通运输、水资源、供排水、电力供应、邮电通信以及区域防灾等；</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">区域社会设施包括区域性的教育、文化、医疗卫生、体育设施及区域市场体系等内容。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">8)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">确定保护区域生态环境、自然和人文景观以及历史遗产的原则和措施</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">9)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">确定各时期重点发展的城镇，提出近期重点发展城镇的规划建议</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">新增建制镇与新设市规划</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首先要研究和确定新镇和新市设置的依据；</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其次要考虑新增建制镇的建镇基本条件，如地理区位、产业特征及发展趋势、现状基础等；</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -26.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -2.5; mso-para-margin-left: 1.0gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其三要进行拟新设建制镇人口规模的预测，并注意各新设镇、市人口加上原有城镇人口和，应与城镇体系总的城镇人口预测值符合；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其四要确定所有新增建制镇、新设市的建镇与建市的具体时期。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 31.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-char-indent-count: -2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.0gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其五要从城镇体系的整体与新设镇、市的局部两方面的结合点上考虑与确定新设镇及新设市的城市</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">镇</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">性质及发展方向；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其六要对新设镇及新设市的城市空间布局形态作出初步的规定。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">10)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提出实施规划的政策和措施</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">规划实施的措施可包括行政措施、政策措施和组织措施等。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">政府的引导和控制作用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">——</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>·</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过行政管理系统的强化，建立与加强城镇体系的发展；</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>·</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过权力与资源的分配，影响城镇体系的发展；</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>·</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过改变交通系统与其它基础设施的系统，影响城镇体系的发展；</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>·</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过政府对工业与公共项目的直接投资，以影响城镇体系的发展；</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>·</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过对收入与生产资料所有权的改变以影响城镇体系；</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>·</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过鼓励、支持商品农业生产以影响城镇体系。</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划实施措施及建议的宏观性问题</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">——</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系未来发展过程中将要遇到的区域性及跨区域性问题，如水系整治、跨市域引水工程施工、水库开发建设、跨区域用地范围的旅游区的建设管理、高级别干线道路网、铁路的选线建设、多城市共用的大型机场的选址布局等等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划实施措施及建议的关键性问题</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">——</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">影响和制约城镇体系发展的关键因素，如区域的自然条件、资金、水源、能源等因素。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划实施措施及建议的政策性问题</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">——</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">包括人口管理问题、新设镇（市）问题、单个城镇的行政区划调整及管理机构设置问题等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">考题：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系规划的编制内容、作用，你对城镇体系规划的现状的发展趋势的见解</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我国县域城镇体系规划需要考虑哪些重点问题</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城镇体系和区域中对城市建设条件的评价的内容</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman">&nbsp;</SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">l<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城市区域与城市行政区管理</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经济区、城市经济区</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: navy"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经济区</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是具有全国意义专业化的地域生产统一体，是商品经济发展到较高阶段后，在生产日益社会化、区域化的条件下，社会生产地域分工的表现形式。</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中国的城市经济区</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是以大中城市为核心，与其紧密相连的广大地区共同组成的经济上紧密联系、生产上相互协作、在社会地域分工过程中形成的城市地域综合体。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城市经济区的特点</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（与综合经济区相比较）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SP